2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会设项调整——中国冰雪冬奥新周期迎来新挑战■本报记者 仇建辉 马 晶 日前，国际奥委会执委会于瑞士洛桑审议通过2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会的项目设置和运动员配额方案，该届冬奥会或将产生116枚金牌(其中2个小项待定)，新增滑雪登山大项，运动员配额提升至2900人。

二 |     BRUSSELS -- A European Union decision on whether to authorize the use of the controversial chemical herbicide glyphosate in the 27-nation bloc for at least 10 more years was delayed for a month after member countries failed to agree on Friday.The chemical, which is widely used in the 27-nation bloc, is approved on the EU market until mid-December. Representatives of the EU’s executive arm and member countries voted Friday in favor of renewing its authorization until 2033, despite protests from environmental groups. But to be adopted, the 10-year extension proposed by the European Commission required a “qualified majority,” defined as 55% of the 27 members representing at least 65% of the total EU population of some 450 million people. Several member states abstained, and that was not achieved. The European Commission is now expected to amend its proposal before another vote takes place next month. Ultimately, if no consensus is found, the Commission will have the final say.Green members of the European Parliament welcomed the delay and urged member states to vote for a complete ban of glyphosate.“It is irresponsible to again renew the authorization of the use of glyphosate,” said Bas Eickhout, the vice-chair of the Parliament's environment committee. "This would give the big agri a blank check to earn billions by selling a pesticide for which there are still big gaps in knowledge about the effects on our health, and at the same time poses large risks for European biodiversity.”Over the past decade, glyphosate, used in products like the weedkiller Roundup, has been at the heart of heated scientific debate about whether it causes cancer and its possible disruptive effect on the environment. The chemical was introduced by Monsanto in 1974 as an effective way of killing weeds while leaving crops and plants intact.The France-based International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is part of the World Health Organization, classified it as a “probable human carcinogen” in 2015. The EU’s food safety agency had paved the way for the 10-year extension when it said in July it “did not identify critical areas of concern” in the use of glyphosate. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency found in 2020 that the herbicide did not pose a health risk to people, but a federal appeals court in California ordered the agency last year to reexamine that ruling, saying it wasn’t supported by enough evidence.EU member states are responsible for authorizing the use of products including the chemical on their national markets, following a safety evaluation.In France, President Emmanuel Macron had committed to ban glyphosate before 2021 but has since backpedaled. Germany, the EU's biggest economy, plans to stop using it from next year, but the decision could be challenged. Luxembourg’s national ban, for instance, was overturned in court earlier this year.Greenpeace had called on the EU to reject the market reapproval, citing studies indicating that glyphosate may cause cancer and other health problems and could also be toxic to bees. The agroindustry sector, however, claims there are no viable alternatives.“Whatever the final decision that emerges from this re-authorization process, there is one reality that member states will have to face up to,” said Copa-Cogeca, a group representing farmers and agricultural cooperatives. “There is as of yet no equivalent alternative to this herbicide, and without it, many agricultural practices, notably soil conservation, would be rendered complex, leaving farmers with no solutions.”。踏雪而行，勇攀高峰。从山顶踩雪板飞驰而下，于山林雪道辗转，在攀登和下滑中享受运动的快感。作为1924年、1928年、1936年和1948年四届冬奥会的正式比赛项目，滑雪登山这项以雪山攀登综合技术为主、滑雪技术为辅的冬季山地户外运动项目，时隔78年后重返冬奥舞台，将在短距离男子、短距离女子和混合接力三个项目上产生3枚金牌。滑雪登山运动从上世纪50年代开始风靡欧美，但由于地域发展不均衡，这个项目渐渐退出了冬奥舞台。2004年，中国首次组织代表团前往欧洲观摩学习。自2007年起，中国登山协会开始在全国开展并推广滑雪登山运动，并多次举办国际比赛和交流活动。近年来，我国滑雪登山选手不仅在亚洲处于领先地位，在国际上也稳居前列。中国首支滑雪登山国家队于2017年11月组建。在2020年洛桑冬青奥会上，年仅17岁的藏族姑娘索朗曲珍获得了个人越野和短距离两个项目的第四名，向全世界展现了我国年轻滑雪登山运动员的强劲竞争力。

中国滑雪登山队已于今年1月份开启了“米兰周期”的训练备战，目前全国各地的滑雪登山优秀运动员已齐聚北京怀柔国家登山训练基地。在新的冬奥备战周期里，国家队已经确定了基础体能训练和专项训练并重的训练方案。待新赛季开始后，国家队将兵分两路，一队将前往2026年冬奥会比赛举办地意大利科尔蒂纳进行训练，另一队将前往海拔高度和雪质都与冬奥会比赛场地十分接近的新疆阿勒泰进行训练备战。

三 | 根据米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会的项目设置分析，每个参赛国家或地区在滑雪登山项目的满额参赛名额为2男2女共4个名额。

四 | 中国滑雪登山队在米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会的目标是在确保满额参赛的基础上冲击奖牌。此外，与北京冬奥会相比，2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会将在雪橇、雪车、滑雪3个大项中有项目变化。

五 | 雪橇大项将原设的双人雪橇项目明确分为男、女双人雪橇两个小项。此前，雪橇项目共有男子单人雪橇、女子单人雪橇、双人雪橇和团体接力4个小项。此前，双人雪橇项目没有明确要求性别，且男子在体重、力量、速度等方面有优势，所以这个项目鲜有女运动员参加。中国雪橇队已经开始着手培养女子双人雪橇运动员，为2026年冬奥会作准备。雪车大项增设钢架雪车混合团体小项，由一名男运动员和一名女运动员组队参赛。

六 | 北京冬奥会上，中国队在这个大项中的男子、女子两个小项上均取得优异成绩，其中男子选手闫文港获得的铜牌更是里程碑式的突破。

七 | 目前，中国钢架雪车队已重新集结，向新赛季、新周期进发。自由式滑雪新增了雪上技巧男、女双人各1个小项。自由式滑雪雪上技巧双人赛的“双”是指两位运动员同时出发，形式与单板滑雪平行大回转相似，先到达终点的运动员获胜。

八 | 相较于一般单人进行的雪上技巧比赛，双人赛的观赏性更强，也更受观众喜欢。这一变动对中国雪上技巧队的影响不大，因为这个项目早已是国际雪联世界杯开设项目之一，中国队对此并不陌生。跳台滑雪项目在原有的女子标准台基础上增设了女子大跳台项目，与男子个人设项相同。近年来，世界跳台滑雪女子项目进步明显。我国跳台滑雪运动员的成绩提高显著，在北京冬奥周期获得了业内专家和国外选手的一致认可。高山滑雪在北京冬奥会上共设置了11个比赛小项，2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会已确定取消混合团体比赛项目，男子、女子全能尚处于待定状态，明年4月前将最终确定是否纳入2026年冬奥会。

九 | 北京冬奥会的角逐尚未远去，2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会的备战已拉开序幕，期待中国冰雪健儿再接再厉、奋勇争先，力争在冬奥赛场创造更优异的成绩，再铸辉煌。

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