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七成本科毕业生意向升学，需要注意什么_我的网站

一 |     近日，有机构预测2023年的考研报名人数将达520万，而且称这是“保守预测”，按照这一预测数据，2023年考研报名人数比2022年的457万，将增加63万。    MANILA, Philippines -- A Chinese coast guard ship and one of its militia vessels separately bumped a Philippine coast guard ship and a military-run supply boat Sunday off a contested shoal, Philippine officials said, in a serious flareup that could heighten fears of an armed conflict in the disputed South China Sea.A top Philippine security official told The Associated Press there were no injuries among the Filipino crew members and an assessment of the damage to both vessels was underway. The official added that the incidents near the Second Thomas Shoal could have been worse if they were not able to maneuver rapidly away from the Chinese ships. The official spoke on condition of anonymity due to a lack of authority to publicly discuss details of the incidents.The United States, a longtime treaty ally of the Philippines, immediately condemned the actions by China's ships. The Philippine government also condemned the latest confrontations in “the strongest degree” and called them a violation of Manila’s sovereignty.The Chinese coast guard said the Philippine vessels “trespassed” into what it said were Chinese waters “without authorization” despite repeated radio warnings, prompting its ships to stop them. It blamed the Philippine vessels for causing the collisions."The Philippine side’s behavior seriously violates the international rules on avoiding collisions at sea and threatens the navigation safety of our vessels,” the Chinese coast guard said in a statement posted on its website.The U.S. Ambassador to Manila, MaryKay Carlson, said in a post on X, formerly known as Twitter, that “the United States condemns the PRC's latest disruption of a legal Philippine resupply mission to Ayungin shoal, putting the lives of Filipino service members at risk.”She used the initials for China's formal name, the People's Republic of China, and the name the Philippines uses for the Second Thomas Shoal. She added that Washington was standing with its allies to help protect Philippine sovereignty and to support a free and open Indo-Pacific region.A Philippine government task force dealing with the South China Sea disputes said the collisions occurred as two Philippine supply boats escorted by two Philippine coast guard ships were heading to deliver food and other supplies to the atoll in the face of a years-long Chinese blockade.The task force said it “condemns in the strongest degree the latest dangerous, irresponsible, and illegal actions of the Chinese coast guard and the Chinese maritime militia done this morning in violation of Philippine sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction."The actions by the Chinese ships were “in utter blatant disregard of the United Nations Charter, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea” and international regulations that aim to prevent sea collisions, said the Philippine task force, which includes the country’s defense and foreign affairs departments, the military, national security council and the coast guard.Near-collisions have happened frequently as Philippine vessels regularly deliver supplies to Filipino marines and sailors stationed on the disputed shoal. But this was the first time Philippine officials have reported their country’s vessels being hit by China’s ships.In the first incident that happened Sunday morning, “dangerous blocking maneuvers of China coast guard vessel 5203 caused it to collide with the Armed Forces of the Philippines-contracted indigenous resupply boat Unaiza May 2,” the task force statement said. It said the “provocative, irresponsible, and illegal action” of the Chinese coast guard ship “imperiled the safety of the crew."The Chinese coast guard gave a different version and said the Philippine supply boat deliberately crossed the bow of its ship, which was on a routine law enforcement patrol, “resulting in a slight collision."Separately, Philippine coast guard ship BRP Cabra’s left side “was bumped by Chinese maritime militia vessel 00003 while it was lying to” northeast of the Second Thomas Shoal, the statement said.The Chinese coast guard said the Philippine ship “deliberately provoked trouble” by reversing its direction, causing its stern to collide with the Chinese vessel and “heating up the situation at the scene." In the past, Chinese officials have played down claims that the Chinese vessels were military militia ships meant to look like fishing boats.Despite the Chinese coast guard blockade, one of the two Philippine navy-manned boats managed to maneuver past the Chinese vessels and deliver supplies to the small contingent stationed on board a long-marooned but still actively commissioned warship, the BRP Sierra Madre, the task force said.It was the latest flare-up in long-simmering territorial disputes in the South China Sea, one of the world’s busiest trade routes. The conflicts, which involve China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan and Brunei, are regarded as a potential flashpoint and have become a delicate fault line in U.S.-China rivalry in the region.In early August, a Chinese coast guard ship used a water cannon against one of two Philippine supply boats to prevent it from approaching Second Thomas Shoal. The move, which was caught on video, outraged President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and prompted the Department of Foreign Affairs in Manila to summon the Chinese ambassador to convey a strongly worded protest.Washington reacted by renewing a warning that it is obligated to defend the Philippines as a treaty ally.The Chinese Foreign Ministry accused Washington of “threatening China” by raising the possibility of activating the U.S.-Philippine mutual defense treaty. Beijing has repeatedly warned the U.S. not to meddle in regional territorial disputes.Later in August, the Philippines again deployed two boats that got past the Chinese coast guard blockade and delivered supplies to the Filipino forces at Second Thomas Shoal. Two Philippine coast guard ships escorting the supply boats, however, were prevented by Chinese coast guard ships from maneuvering closer to the shoal. A U.S. Navy surveillance aircraft flew in circles in support of the Philippine vessels as the standoff continued for more than three hours.A 2016 arbitration ruling set up under the 1982 U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea invalidated Beijing’s claims on historical grounds to virtually the entire South China Sea. China refused to participate in the arbitration sought by the Philippines, rejected the decision and continues to defy it.___Associated Press journalist Huizhong Wu contributed to this report from Bangkok.。发达地区的本科院校有近7成的毕业生有强烈的升学意向，是一个重要信号。我国要建设教育强国，应该优化高等教育人才培养结构，提升高等教育质量。要深化教育与人才评价改革，促进本科院校坚持正确的办学定位，引导学生进行理性的学业与人生发展规划。其实，早在多年前，一些地方本科院校的考研率就超过7成，甚至有部分专业的应届毕业生100%报名考研。

二 | 总体而言，在2015年之前，我国普通本科院校毕业生考研率不到40%，那些考研率很高的地方本科院校还被嘲讽为“考研基地”。

三 | 不过，从2015年到2022年，我国考研报名人数增加了将近300万，本科院校毕业生选择考研的越来越多。在这一背景下，本科院校毕业生升学意向强烈，也就不足为奇。本科院校学生升学意向增强，是用人单位唯学历、唯名校的用人导向与本科院校以学历为导向的办学综合作用的结果。

四 | 一些地方本科院校甚至以学历为导向办学，在本科新生入学时，就教育学生要以考研作为毕业出路，通过考研，获得更高的学历，转变学历身份。当考研成为众多大学生的一致规划，这不利于我国高等教育形成合理的人才培养结构，提高人才培养质量。本应该培养高素质应用型人才、职业技术人才的本科院校，如果偏离办学与人才培养定位，盲目追求培养学术人才，那么高技能人才就难以满足社会的需要。而偏离人才培养定位的院校不仅会因为实力不足，使得学生接受到的本科教育并不完整之外，还会影响研究生生源质量，同时影响本科毕业生的就业。与超7成本科毕业生选择考研对应的是，一些本科院校最多只有20%左右学生考研“上岸”，而剩下的学生也就成为在就业中十分尴尬的群体。根据教育部发布的2021年全国教育事业发展统计公报，我国已经实现各级各类教育的普及，包括高等教育毛入学率也已经达到57.8%，进入高等教育普及化阶段。有一些人认为，在高等教育普及化阶段建设高等教育强国，应满足学生的考研需求，大力发展研究生教育，扩大研究生教育规模。

五 | 这还是以规模论质量，而不是从构建合理的人才培养结构、有特色的人才培养体系论质量。

六 | 要建设教育强国，我国应结合社会对人才需求，科学规划各层次、各阶段的教育发展。现阶段，不宜以研究生扩招刺激考研热，而需要通过治理用人单位唯学历、唯名校用人导向，以及学校唯升学办学导向，聚焦给学生高质量的教育，办好每一所学校。

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Published on:13:57:27